Check Poker Hand Java
- Check Poker Hand Java Games
- Check Poker Hand Java Tutorial
- Java Poker Game
- Video Poker Java
- Java Poker Game Code
Since Java enums are actually classes with some compiler-constraints they can have methods defined on them. Consider moving evaluateHand into HandRankings and convertValue into CardValue. This will make Hand and Card a little easier to read. Methods used to check for Poker hands The different types of Poker hands that need to be checked: Flush; Straight. The Poker.java methods are library methods like sin, cos, etc. They help you write Poker game programs with very little effort.
Last updated: January 1, 2018
I recently took a Hackerrank challenge for a job application that involved poker. I'm not a poker player, so I had a brief moment of panic as I read over the problem the description. In this article I want to do some reflection on how I approached the problem.
The hackerrank question asked me to write a program that would determine the best poker hand possible in five-card draw poker. We are given 10 cards, the first 5 are the current hand, and the second 5 are the next five cards in the deck. We assume that we can see the next five cards (they are not hidden). We want to exchange any n number of cards (where n <= 5) in our hand for the next n cards in the deck. For example, we can take out any combination of 2 cards from the hand we are given, but we must replace these two cards with the next two cards from the deck (we can't pick any two cards from the deck).
Suit and value make up the value of playing cards. For example, you can have a 3 of clubs. 3 is the value, clubs is the suit. We can represent this as 3C.
Suits
Clubs CSpades SHeart HDiamonds D
Value (Rank)
2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, Jack, Queen, King, Ace
Hands
Here are the hands of poker
Royal flush (the problem didn't ask me to consider Royal Flush)
A, K, Q, J, 10, all the same suit.
Straight flush
Five cards in a sequence, all in the same suit. Ace can either come before 2 or come after King.
Four of a kind
All four cards of the same rank.
Full house
Three of a kind with a pair.
Flush
Any five cards of the same suit, but not in a sequence.
Straight
Five cards in a sequence, but not of the same suit.
Three of a kind
Three cards of the same rank.
Two pair
Two different pairs.
Pair
Two cards of the same rank.
High Card
When you haven't made any of the hands above, the highest card plays.In the example below, the jack plays as the highest card.
Evaluating a hand of cards
A hand is five cards. The first thing I did was write out functions to evaluate if a group of 5 cards satisfies the conditions of one of the ten hands.
Here's a sample hand:
To write functions, I reached for using 2 important python features: set and defaultdict.
Here's an example of a simple function to detect a flush, a hand with cards of all the same suit:
Checking a flush
This function creates a list of the suits in our hand, and then counts the unique elements in that list by making it a set. If the length of the set is 1, then all the cards in the hand must be of the same suit.
But wait, what if we have a straight flush? Also, a hand that satisfies a flush could also be described as a two pair hand. The problem asked me to find the highest possible hand for a given set of cards, so I tried to keep things simple by writing a check_hand() function that checks each hand starting from straight flush down to high card. As soon as a condition for a hand was satisfied, I returned a number that corresponded to the strength of the hand (1 for high card up to 10 for straight flush). The problem didn't include Royal flush, so I will not include that here.
Here's the check_hand function:
Check Poker Hand Java Games
This function starts checking the most valuable hands. After it checks the second to lowest hand (pair), it returns a value of 1. This value of 1 corresponds to the 'highest card' hand. Since I'm not comparing the relative value of hands, it doesn't matter what the highest card is, so the number just represents the type of hand that is the strongest.
Other hands
Here are the all of the functions I used to detect hands:
defaultdict is a great built-in that is good to use when you don't know what elements will be in your dictionary, but you know what the initial values of any key that could be added should be. We don't need it here, but the alternative would be to write a very long dictionary where keys are the possible card values and the values of each key is 0.
It would certainly be cleaner and more efficient to write out the above functions into one large function, but I wanted to keep things simple as I was under time constraints.
The next step in the problem is to determine the best possible hand we can get given the hand we are dealt and the 5 cards on top of the deck. I decided to first solve this problem with brute force. Here was my logic for this part: use itertools to get all combinations of groups of 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 cards from my hand and add the first 5 - n cards from the deck so we get a five card deck. For each combination of cards we can run check_hand() and keep track of the highest rank hand, and then return that hand as the best hand. Here's the code I wrote for this part of the problem:
Lastly, I need to check each hand and print out the best hand possible. Here's the loop I wrote to do this:
This will accept one round of cards per line:
and it will output the following:
This was an interesting problem to deal with as the solution contained several parts that worked together. While solving the problem I aimed worked through to the end leaving some parts to come back to that I felt confident in solving. Instead of writing each function to check differnt hands at the beginning, I filled most of these functions with pass and moved on to write the next part that involves checking each different combination of cards. Recently having worked through python's itertools exercises on Hackerrank, the combinations functions was fresh in my mind.
While I was able to arrive at a solution that satisfied the test cases, I did not have time to think about the efficiency or Big O analysis of the problem.
There is obviously some refactoring that I could do to make things cleaner. With more time I would take an object oriented approach by making classes for cards and hands, and adding class methods to evaluate the hands.
For each round, we have to run check_hand() on each hand combination. Let's think about how many hands we have to evaluate:
We have to consider combinations of cards formed by taking out groups of 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 cards and adding the next number of cards in the deck that bring the total card count to 5, which means we have to do 5C0 + 5C1 + 5C2 + 5C3 + 5C4 + 5C5 calls to check_hand(). So the sum of total calls is 1 + 5 + 10 + 10 + 5 + 1 = 32.
For each of these 32 calls that happen when we run play(), check_hands() runs through each of the check_ functions starting with the highest value hand. As soon as it finds a 'match', check_hands() returns a number value (hand_value) corresponding to straight flush, four of a kind, etc. This value is then compared with the highest value that has been previously found (best_hand) and replaces that value if the current hand's hand rank has a higher value.
I'm not sure if there is faster way to find the best hand than the brute force method I implemented.
First, if you're playing a game with extra cards, like Hold'em or 7 stud, you first use recursion thusly: Iterate through the set of cards, removing one at a time and recurse. From the recursion results, save the best hand and return it.
Once you get down to 5 cards, you first take a histogram of the card ranks. That is, for each rank in the hand, count how often it appears. Sort the histogram by the count backwards (high values first).
If the histogram counts are 4 and 1, then the hand is quads.
If the histogram counts are 3 and a 2, then the hand is a boat.
If the histogram counts are 3, 1 and 1, then the hand is a set.
If the histogram counts are 2, 2 and 1, then the hand is two pair.Check Poker Hand Java Tutorial
If the histogram has 4 ranks in it, then the hand is one pair.Java Poker Game
Next, check to see if the hand is a flush. You do this by iterating through the cards to see if the suit of a card is the same as its neighbor. If not, then the hand is not a flush. Don't return a result yet, just note whether or not it's a flush.Next, check for straights. Do this by sorting the list of cards. Then subtract the rank of the bottom card from the top card. If you get 4, it's a straight. At this point, you must also check either for the wheel or for broadway, depending on whether your sort puts the ace at the top or bottom. I would expect most folks to put the ace at the top of the sort, since it is usually a high card. So to check for the wheel, check to see if the top card is an ace and the 2nd to top card is a 5. If so, then it is the wheel.
If the hand is a straight and a flush, it's a straight-flush. Otherwise if it's one or the other, you can return that.
If we haven't matched the hand by now, it's High Card.
Video Poker Java
Once you know what the hand is, it is fairly straightforward to compare two hands of the same type. For straights, you simply compare the top card. For flushes, you iterate down through a reverse sort of the ranks until you find a higher card or run out. For the histogram-based hands, you start at the beginning of the reverse-sorted count list and compare the ranks (two pair is tricky - you must always evaluate the higher of the two pairs for each hand first - the histogram won't help, then the lower pair, then the kicker).
